La maladie résiduelle minimale dans le myélome en 2024 : là où nous en sommes aujourd’hui
Résumé
La maladie résiduelle minimale (MRM) représente la petite population de cellules cancéreuses qui persistent dans l’organisme après le traitement. Ces cellules, souvent indétectables à l’aide des méthodes de diagnostic traditionnelles, peuvent éventuellement provoquer une rechute chez des patients qui semblaient avoir obtenu une réponse complète (RC) au traitement. C’est pourquoi la MRM est devenue un paramètre essentiel dans l’évaluation de l’efficacité des thérapies anticancéreuses, en particulier dans les hémopathies malignes, telles que le myélome multiple (MM), et dans certaines tumeurs solides.
La détection de la MRM représente un défi, car il arrive que la maladie ne provoque pas de symptômes ou qu’elle ne soit pas détectée par les méthodes traditionnelles (c’est-à-dire visible au microscope). Néanmoins, ces cellules sont souvent responsables de la rechute de la maladie. C’est pourquoi la surveillance et la détection de la MRM sont de plus en plus reconnues comme essentielles pour les soins à long terme des patients et la planification des traitements.
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